Fertilizer-Use Efficiency Of Different Phosphate Sources on Saline And Alkali Soils
Saline and alkali soil conditions reduce the value and the productivity of considerable areas of land in the world. For agricultural purposes, such soils are regarded as a class of problem soils that requires special remedial measures and management practices.
CHANHEN has been committed to manage the saline and alkali soilsusing acid-fertilizer in Xinjiang china for three years. Many field experiments showed the acid-fertilizer had significant effect on the increasing crop yield in the saline and alkali soils.
In 2016, a new test place was selected in Gansu province, china. The climate of the experimental site belongs to arid climate type. The annual average rainfall is 184.9mm, and the annual evaporation amount is as high as 3038.1mm. The detailed indicators are shown in the following table.
Table1:the main index of the experimental soil
Item | Sand | Clay | Coarse silt fine | Silt fine | ESP | EC | pH |
value | 18% | 28% | 28% | 26% | 6.45% | 1.9ds/m | 8.2 |
Ⅰ. Potato field Experiment
1. Materials and methods
Potato field experiment was carried out with 5 treatments. Compared with the diammonium phosphate(T1，DAP), the experiment with other three phosphates was conducted（T2-T4）. Every treatment was designed with equal N ,P2O5and K2Olevels, with three replicates in a completely randomized design.
Table2:The five treatments of the potato field experiment
treatments | Phosphate | pH value |
T0 | —— | —— |
T1 | DAP（18-46-0） | 8.0 |
T2 | MAP（12-60-0） | 4.7 |
T3 | APP（14-64-0） | 6.0 |
T4 | PCA（0-56-0） | 2.3 |
2. Results
Ø The potatos grow best in the T3 and T4 groups, it means the phosphate of APP and PCA can significantly promote the overground part growth of potato.
a. Compared with group T1, the height of potatoes plant in T3 and T4 could be increased by 1500px.
b. DAP can increase the stem and leaf weight, but the tuber weight is lower.
Table3:The effect of different phosphate treatments on the potato plant growth
Treatments | Plant height(cm) | Stem and leaf weight (kg/mu) | Tuber weight (kg/mu) | Plant weight (kg/mu) |
T0 | 56.25 | 139.00 c | 815.69 c | 954.69 c |
T1(DAP) | 57.30 | 990.02 a | 1280.35 bc | 2270.36 b |
T2(MAP) | 97.17 | 421.45 bc | 1738.81 ab | 2160.27 b |
T3(APP) | 120.46 | 854.39 ab | 2311.34 a | 3165.73 a |
T4(PCA) | 112.70 | 445.92 bc | 2192.86 a | 2638.78 ab |
Ø The APP and PCA treatments had the highest yield. Compared with MAP,APP treatment can increase production and commodity rate by 33% and 15%respectively.
Ⅱ. Maize field Experiment
1. Materials and methods
Maize field experiment was carried out with 5 treatments. Compared with the diammonium phosphate(T1，DAP), the experiment with other three phosphates was conducted（T2-T4）. Every treatment was designed with equal N ,P2O5and K2O levels, with three replicates in a completely randomized design.
Table1:The five treatments of the potato field experiment
treatments | Phosphate | pH value |
T0 | —— | —— |
T1 | DAP（18-46-0） | 8.0 |
T2 | MAP（12-60-0） | 4.7 |
T3 | APP（14-64-0） | 6.0 |
T4 | PCA（0-56-0） | 2.3 |
2. Results
Ø Compared with T1, the maize grow better in the T2,T3 and T4 groups,it means the acid phosphate can significantly promote the overground partgrowth of maize.
Table2:The effect of different phosphate treatments on the maize plant growth
Treatments | Plant height(cm) | Stem diameter(cm) | Ear length(cm) | Barren ear tip length(cm) |
T0 | 214.97 d | 15.54 e | 16.82 c | 2.60 a |
T1(DAP) | 237.38 c | 17.50 cd | 19.94 ab | 1.09 b |
T2(MAP) | 249.07 ab | 18.25 bcd | 20.03 ab | 0.60 bcd |
T3(APP) | 246.97 bc | 19.05 abc | 20.46 a | 0.24 cd |
T4(PCA) | 251.70 ab | 19.92 a | 20.62 a | 0.24 cd |
Ø The T3 and T4 treatments had the highest yield. Compared with T1, the maize yield increased by 40%.
Table3:The effect of different phosphate treatments on the maize yield
Treatments | Yield (kg/mu) |
T0 | 448.63 d |
T1(DAP) | 589.11 c |
T2(MAP) | 705.82 b |
T3(APP) | 825.78 a |
T4(PCA) | 822.91 a |
